Sigmund Freud and His Oedipal Complex - 832 Words

In general, Sigmund Freud and his oedipal complex are among the most often discussed critical theories and argumentative issues found in modern day psychology. Freud’s theory has brought a lot of controversies and has stirred up crazy questions among our close minded and immature society. I mean, why on earth would a child’s desire be to sleep with their mother and kill their father? To us this seems like a rather far-fetched idea and parents can’t try to accept the fact that perhaps their child is out to get them. Back in the day, this idea was totally believable and at one point, universal. Freud believed the Oedipus myth bears witness to the prevalence of this Oedipal Complex, both in that it was a popular topic for Greek tragedy and the fact that modern audiences still relate to the story of Oedipus (who by the way, murdered his father Laius and then married his mother Jocasta). If it happened to the Greeks, why couldn’t it happen to us? The answer is simple. In 2014, we do not believe that we are the play things of gods sitting on clouds. Its common sense. First of all gods can’t possible sit on clouds without falling. Secondly, extra-terrestrial beings aren’t the ones responsible for being the fortune cookies in our lives. Sure, there is the possibility of gods but is it really believable that the fate they have for us will always remain unchangeable? Probably not. And that is the exact notion that led Freud to his mistakes and our criticisms toward him. He viewedShow MoreRelatedOedipus Relationship Between Hamlet and Gertrude1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe Oedipal Relationship between Hamlet and Gertrude Throughout William Shakespeares Hamlet, Shakespeare portrays Hamlet with the same types of behaviors and frustrations in humans that Sigmund Freud saw at a much later date. When the relationship between Hamlet and his mother is analyzed Freuds oedipal complex theory comes to mind. Sigmund Freud first wrote about his theory in his book An Interpretation of Dreams in 1899. Simply put, Freud states that it is normal for children to have sexualRead MoreThe Oedipal Relationship between Hamlet and Gertrude Essay851 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout William Shakespeares Hamlet, Shakespeare portrays Hamlet with the same types of behaviors and frustrations in humans that Sigmund Freud saw at a much later date. When the relationship between Hamlet and his mother is analyzed Freuds oedipal complex theory comes to mind. The oedipal complex is a theory created by Freud that states that The child takes both of its parents, and more particularly one of them, as the object of its erotic wishes.(51) Because of this desire to be withRead MoreIs Freudian Theory A Science?900 Words   |  4 PagesIs Freudian Theory a Science? There has been much debate and controversy over the work of Sigmund Freud for many reasons such as his ideas about human sexuality, his seemingly outrageous theories for his time period, and the success of his psychoanalytic method of therapy, but perhaps the most interesting issue with Freud’s work is the claim that it may not be scientific. This would first depend on your definition of the word science. According to sciencecouncil.org, â€Å"Science is the pursuit andRead More##rayal Effect Of Oedipus The King1237 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Oedipal effect? The Oedipus effect is when a son has the desire to have sexual relations with their biological mother. Oedipus did not suffer from the Oedipal effect because the events that occur during the play cause Oedipus to be unaware the man he killed, and the woman he had sexual relations with were his biological parents. Oedipus the King, a play written by Sophocles, tells the story of a man who becomes the new king of Thebes by fulfilling the prophecy of a blind man by killing his fatherRead MoreThe Theory Of Oedipus Complex1469 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The term Oedipal complex was initially used by Sigmund Freud as he developed a theory to explain the stages of psychosexual stages of development in an attempt to explain or describe the boy child feelings of attraction to the mother and anger and envy towards the father (Fear, 2005). Basically, the boy may feel like he is competing with the father for the belonging and possession of the mother. The boy sees the father as a threat for her affections, desires and attentions. In termsRead MoreSigmund Freuds Oedipal Complex731 Words   |  3 Pageswhy Sigmund Freuds making of the Oedipal Complex is outrageous. Freud’s ideas of a child’s development is very graphic and disturbing to our modern day intellect, but fit the norm of early 1900’s society Oedipus the King, written is 440 B.C., by Sophacles has fascinated audiences for many years. However, Sigmund Freud came up with the ‘Oedipal Complex’ based off of this play that has caused plenty of controversy. He believed that, based of Oedipus the King and the attraction Oedipus had to his motherRead MoreMaster of the Mind: Sigmund Freud923 Words   |  4 PagesMaster of the Mind Austrian neurologist, Sigmund Freud has become known as the â€Å"founding father of psychoanalysis†, master of the unknown mind. Freud explored the human mind more that any other psychologist and developed theories that many scientists and individuals rely on till this day because none of his theories have been falsified. He has led the path of psychology for new research and mapping out the unconscious mind. Freud developed theories that focused on the subconscious mind motives ofRead MoreAn Abstraction of Application Psychoanalysis on Mona Lisa Smile Movie1129 Words   |  5 PagesAPPLICATION PSYCHOANALYSIS ON MONA LISA SMILE MOVIE By : Yoga Sudarisman In the late 19th century Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud developed a theory of personality and a system of psychotherapy known as psychoanalysis. According to this theory, people are strongly influenced by unconscious forces, including innate sexual and aggressive drives. Sigmund Freud compared the human mind to an iceberg. The tip above the water represents consciousness, and the vast region below the surfaceRead MoreA Freudian View of Hamlet1014 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Kenneth Thomson Acting Out May 2, 2012 Freud’s View of Hamlet My paper will use Dr. Sigmund Freud’s psychological outlooks to analyze possibly the most famous characters in English literature. William Shakespeare’s very own Hamlet. Psychology has been studied since the eighteen hundreds and, after reading through many of Freud’s studies on psychoanalytic culture I feel as though Hamlet is the most deserving of further analysis for this paper. I will analyze the two Freudian concepts thatRead More Film Adaptation of Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex Essay971 Words   |  4 Pagesseekers that are ignorant when trying to find King Laius’ murderer. On the other hand, Sigmund Freud’s hypothesis of Sophocles’ work introduces us to â€Å"The Oedipus Complex† (1899) which states that as we’re young we grow infatuated with our opposite sex parent and feel resentment towards our same-sex parent. These two pieces have adapted mirror like meanings of Sophocles’ tragic play. Sir Tyrone Guthrie and Sigmund Freud explore this through the use of ethos, irony, social distance, and the visualization

Affirmative Action Is Not Necessary - 1511 Words

The purpose of affirmative action is to allow equal access to employment to create a workforce that reflects the demographics of a qualified workforce in the relevant job market for all minorities, people with disabilities and women (Human Resources). It wasn’t until President Nixon who proposed the Philadelphia Plan that imposed racial hiring quotas on the city’s construction industry, affirmative action then became an issue of race causing the cases of reverse racism to rise ( Kahlenberg 2 ). Though as a country most of the citizens would like to believe that affirmative action is not needed because of great advancements made considering the election of the first black president. Affirmative action is still needed in the United States in†¦show more content†¦An example of this educational gap was in the New York schooling system. Where blacks and Hispanics â€Å"make up about 71 percent of public and charter school students citywide, they received just 12 pe rcent of specialized high school students in 2003 ( Leonie, Ravitch 2). One of the causes this of disparity is the difference in schools. According pew research there is a difference between schools in the suburban which are made up of mostly white children and inner city schools made up of mostly minorities like Hispanics and African Americans. The suburban schools which according to pew research center is mostly white and the inner city schools which are mostly made up of the other minorities (Citation 3). Staring with the quality of teachers, according to Pitre â€Å"unqualified teachers are disproportionately assigned to teach low-income ethnic minority children† (Pitre 5). An example of this difference is in the state of California where it was found that in the most segregated schools there â€Å"were more than five times as likely to have an uncertified teacher† (Pitre 5).The importance of teachers in the schools, especially teachers who teach young children is invaluable. According to Cowan Pitre â€Å"the issue of access to a high quality teacher is important because research has consistently identified teacher quality as the most important school-based factor in student achievement† ( 5). When low quality teachers are assigned to minorities how

Contemporary Issues and Economic Activity

Question: Discuss about the Contemporary Issues and Economic Activity. Answer: Introduction This essay focuses on inflation in Australia and various government measures by the government of Australia. Inflation in a country plays crucial role in determining the aggregate level of demand for goods and services by changing price level of goods and services over a period of time. Maintaining an adequate inflation rate is necessary from the perspective of economic growth of the country in the long run. Inflation can be measured by the consumer price index and the whole sale price index (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2016). Many economic, non-economic and international factors affect the rate of inflation. Controlling the inflation level in an economy requires time and combined efforts of the concerned authorities. Generally, the monetary measures are implemented by the central bank of the country while the government is responsible for implementing the fiscal policy measures. However, for effective results in controlling inflation in the country, it is necessary that both go vernment and the central bank of the country work in harmony to achieve their common goals. The following essay discusses the scenario of inflation in Australia for the last five years from 2011 to 2015. It seeks to outline the country specific factors that led to fluctuations in the inflation rate of the country. Furthermore this essay also focuses on how the inflation impact on the Australias growth and the living standard of households. Further, the essay discusses different policy measures adopted by the Federal Government of Australia and the Reserve Bank of Australia in addressing this economic phenomenon. The essay also talks about these policy measures by categorizing then into two broad categories of demand side policy and supply side policy. Finally, this discussion tells about the inflation and better government policy that helps the economy to boost the efficiency of business operation and control the inflation. Inflation Scenario in Australia Inflation is a common economic phenomenon experienced by all the economies of the world. It refers to rise in price of goods and services in a particular period of time and is calculated on the basis of consumer price index and whole sale price index (Hubbard, et al., 2014). Consumer price index measures the changes in price of goods and services that present proportion of spending by households (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2016). A rise in inflation results into decrease in purchasing power of the consumers. This is because a rise in inflation leads to increase in general price level of goods and services in the economy and decrease in value of money. Hence, consumers are able to purchase less for every dollar they spend. Australian economy is the mixed market economy and fifth largest economy in the in the world, according to the World Bank survey. Currently, the RBA targets the inflation rate in the range of 2 to 3% in order to maintain an adequate aggregate demand in the economy. Inflation increased due to many reasons such as supply of money, national debt, demand pull effect and exchange rate of currency. Inflation between 2% to 3% is a positive aspect which persuade consumer to spent more money for goods and borrow money. Furthermore, Inflation is an economic statistics that point out the stability of the countrys economic position. It is measured as the changes in consumer price index over a period of time. Australias inflation rate is 1% in 2016, which is a sign of healthy economic condition. Inflation is calculated using the consumer price index, which shows the changes in the consumer goods and other items. Australian Bureau of Statistics reported that the Australian core inflation rate increased in March 2016 as 1.67%. On the other hand, many factors affect the Australian inflation rate such as cost inflation, aggregate demand, higher interest rate, and heavy government tax (Inflationdata.com, 2016). Inflation has major impact on the countrys economy, the impact of inflation includes Economic growth and uncertainty, Wages rate, Income distribution, Unemployment, interest rate and international competitiveness for a country. The inflation rate witnessed by the Australian economy in the last five years is as follows: Fig. 1 Inflation over five years in Australia As shown in above chart, the inflation rate in 2011 was highest as compare to other years. Current base year for Australia is taken as 2011-2012 (Index points= 100). In contrast to this, higher rate of inflation increases the cost of goods and also affect the competitive edge in global market (Statista, 2016). Higher fluctuations in currency of country can impact the economic growth. As compared to other years, inflation rate in the year 2015 was the lowest. Australias consumer price index rose to 1.7% in last quarter of 2015. In this time the price of goods increased faster but the cost of transport decreases it slowdown the cost of housing. In starting of year 2014 that inflation rate was high furthermore it decreases over the year ending. Australias economy is mainly based on the mining and service sector (Finch, 2012). Wages is one of the important factors that affect the price of goods and services. In 2013 and 2014 higher wages paid to the workers it accelerates the inflation b y more purchasing power of consumers (Inflationdata.com, 2016). The oil price and energy prices was very high during the year 2012 and 2013 because of the international conflicts it directly affect the pressure on cost it leads to the inflation. In 2013 when the mining industry of Australia was on the boom then it affected the Australian economy as to appreciation in Australian dollar, industries exposed to trade such as manufacturing and agriculture. At this time the unemployment rate was very low and the oil prices was high it triggered the inflation as the upward movement by 2.48%. Boom in mining industries boosted the purchasing power of households and led to increase the volume of output in Australian economy. In 2009-2011 higher interest was paid in return to the bank loan, it increased the production cost for firms. Rise in government tax also pressured the cost of inflation in Australia. Inflation rate was highest in 2011 as compare to the following years, it was 3.33% (Morr is, 2014). At the same time the inflation rate arose due to the natural disaster in Australia, farms had damaged and the cost for farmers to growing also increased for the vegetables and fruits. High inflation rate affects the nations economic performance and decreases the living standard of people. Recently in 2016 the inflation rate is measured as 1%. Reserve bank of Australia measured the inflation rate between 2% to 3%, because it is the good position to maintain the economy and for cuts the interest rates (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2016). Consumer price index has fallen by 0.2% due to decrease in the price of petrol. The petrol price is an historic fallen in last seven years in quarter march 2016 (The Guardian, 2016). Lower inflation rate positively impact on the overall economic condition which helps in increasing the operation of business at national or international level both. Government Policies on Inflation Inflation is an economic problem that leads to creation of negative impact on many economic outcomes like economic growth, global competitiveness and income inequality. In addition to this, higher the level of inflation, greater is its consequences. Therefore, the major objective of economic policy of a country is to maintain a low level of inflation that leads to creation of benefits in the long run. Government of Australia in partnership with Reserve Bank employs monetary and fiscal policy for maintaining a sustainable level of inflation (between 2 and 3%) in country. These policies can be categorized into demand-side policies and supply-side policies thereby indicating the underlying causes of inflation i.e. demand or supply. Demand-side policies Demand-side policies are used to control demand inflation. These policies effectively try to reduce excess aggregate demand so that there will no longer be shortage of goods and services. Monetary Policy The primary responsibility of formulation and implementation of monetary policy is in the hands of Reserve Bank of Australia. Monetary policy is considered as most important tool for maintaining lower level of inflation in the country. It is effectively defined as process used by monetary authority of country for controlling the money supply. In addition to this, monetary policy is effectively helpful in maintaining long-term growth in the economy (RBA, 2016). The main objectives of monetary policy of Australia include maintaining of stability of currency, full employment level and economic prosperity and welfare of the people of Australia. Moreover, prior to deregulation of monetary policy, the Reserve Bank of Australia effectively worked through direct control on financial institutions and financial market operations. It imposed control on reserve requirements, interest rate charged by banks and other balance sheet restrictions. However, as per present deregulated financial market in Australia, monetary policy effectively works through maintaining bank rate in a way to control the level of inflation in the country. Role of Monetary Policy in controlling Inflation Monetary policy is effectively helpful in controlling inflation level which preserves the value of money and promotes strong and sustainable growth in Australian economy. Furthermore, monetary policy is maintained through various actions which involve increasing the interest rate and changing the amount of money that bank is required to keep in its bank reserve. Therefore, higher interest rate increases the cost of borrowing which decreases spending. This further leads to lower level of inflation in the country. Increased interest rate also makes it attractive for the people of country to save money (Hubbard, et al., 2014). Additionally, increase in interest rate affects the cash flow, supply of credit and exchange rate which in turn affects the aggregate demand in the country. Furthermore, increase in interest rate leads to different impact on both debtor and creditor households (RBA, 2016). It leads to decrease in cash flow for debtors and increase in cash flow for creditors. Debto r households are more affected by change in cash flow due to change in interest rates. This leads to reduction in their total household spending, which effectively helps to reduce the level of inflation. Cash rate has a powerful influence on interest rate to be charged by bank. Cash rate is the Australian base rate. It is the rate charged by the central bank on providing overnight loans to commercial bank as, a large volume of withdrawals and deposits are incurred in the banks every day on a regular basis. This leads to situation of surplus or shortage of funds in the bank. Therefore, if there is shortage of fund in bank then it increases the demand of overnight funds (RBA, 2016). An increase or decrease in the cash rate leads to greater impact on interest rate to be charged by bank on mortgage, savings and loans. Therefore, official cash rate of RBA is used as benchmark by commercial banks for the interest rate that they use to charge their borrowers. For controlling the level of inflation in country, RBA makes decision to raise the cash rate which in turn affects the interest rate to be charged by commercial bank on borrowers. This leads to decrease in demand and a reduction in level of inflation in the country. In addition to this, RBA (Reserve Bank of Australia) uses its open market operations for maintaining cash rate as per target (1.5% as per 7September, 2016) set by board for effectively controlling the supply of funds that are available to commercial banks in money market. The cash rate is determined in money market by effectively identifying the relation between supply and demand of overnight funds required by commercial banks. Currently, the cash rate set by RBA to achieve its inflation target is 1.50% (RBA, 2016). Such low level of cash rate points towards the fact that the current monetary policy of RBA focuses on expansionary measures that lead to increase in aggregate consumer demand. This will further help the RBA to achieve its inflation target of 2-3%. Fiscal Policy Fiscal policy can be considered as another economic tool that can be effectively used by Government of Australia for controlling the level of inflation in the country. This policy involves change in government spending and level of taxation by government. The changes in fiscal policy effectively influence the aggregate demand and level of economic activities in country (Enright and Petty, 2016). It is also helpful in stabilizing the fluctuations and maintaining effective level of growth in the economy. Role of fiscal policy in controlling inflation Fiscal policy plays an important role in effectively controlling inflation in country. Adjustments in the expenditure and revenue level of government through its spending and taxation changes leads to budget surplus or deficit. An effective fiscal policy leads to an improvement in government budget deficit by increasing the level of taxation. Fiscal policy in Australia effectively focuses on keeping the debt low and retaining the level of flexibility, for protecting the country from negative impact of inflation (Blanchard and Sheen, 2013). For reducing aggregate demand in the country, fiscal policy involves reduction in government spending and increase in the level of taxation. Increase in direct taxation by government for controlling inflation leads to reduction in disposable income of the individuals in country (McTaggart, et al., 2012). Therefore, decrease in aggregate demand leads to decrease in level of inflation in Australian economy. Supply side policies Supply side policies are government policies which help to increase the productivity and level of efficiency in the economy. These policies are helpful in controlling cost inflation that is caused by increase in production costs. Supply side policies include: Reducing tariff protection that helps to cut production costs High tariff rates leads to inefficiency in business and also reduces the level of competition from imports. Therefore, by adopting the policy of free trade and reducing the general tariff rate, the government helps manufacturing firms to reduce their production costs. Lower tariff helps firm to promote structural changes and also improves efficiency. Moreover, due to reduced tariff, the cost of importing business equipments and material also becomes cheaper that leads to lower cost of production for various manufacturing firms (Sloman, et al., 2013). Therefore, reduced production cost through reduced tariffs helps to decrease cost inflation in Australia. Reducing the rate of company taxes that helps to lower production cost Taxes are defined as production costs for business, which leads to charge more by the firm for their production. Therefore, higher level of company taxes leads to greater level of cost inflation in the country. For cutting the higher tax rates, Australian government introduced tax reforms for controlling the rate of company tax. In this regard, it was also proposed to reduce the tax rate to 28.5% from July, 2015 which will encourage companies to increase their incomes by expanding their operations. In addition to this, low tax rate leads to effective after tax profit generation for the firms, which leads to selling of goods and services at lower prices (Anderson, 2012). Finally, it leads to lowering the rate of inflation in the country and also helps local firms to be more competitive and effective globally. National Infrastructure Projects helps in reducing production cost National Infrastructure projects includes construction of roads, railways, port facilities, power and water grids and communication system that are effectively helpful for business in producing other goods and services. Therefore, the Australian Federal Government introduced new infrastructure projects like rail links, national highways and National Broadband Network (NBN). Improved rail and road transport structure plays an effective role in bringing efficiency, reducing travelling time in providing raw material to manufacturers and finish goods to wholesalers/ retailers that will effectively help to reduce production cost for the firms. Additionally, NBN helps to improve and maintain the speed of telecommunications that effectively helps to reduces cost. Ultimately, the reduced cost helps to promote low inflation environment in Australia as it further helps in reducing the cost of inputs that goes into production of different goods and services. Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that inflation affects the economy of Australia. The inflation rate in Australia has been fluctuation. However, since last two years, the economy is facing low levels of inflation that is lower than its benchmark range of 2-3%. It is also concluded that in year 2011 the inflation rate was 3.33%, which is very high as compared to other years. It is assessed that there are many reasons that impacted on the inflation rate in 2011 such as flood in Australia that damaged the crops of farmers. Due to this, the price of vegetables and fruits had increased. In 2013 and 2014, the inflation rate was moderate reason being the boom in mining industry of Australia that increases the purchasing power of households. At the same time it is also concluded that the Reserve Bank of Australia has adopted certain monetary and fiscal policy measures to increase the inflation rate to required levels. In this context, it was assessed that the government has adop ted expansionary monetary policy by reducing the cash rate to 1.50% to increase the supply of money in the economy. Additionally, its fiscal policy measures include reducing in tax rates, corporate tax rates and tariff rates and increase in government expenditure to promote economic activity in the economy. References Anderson, K. (2012) Australia's Economy in Its International Context. Australia: University of Adelaide Press. Australian Bureau of Statistics (2016) Consumer price index, Australia. [Online]. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/6401.0 (Accessed: 19 September, 2016) Blanchard, O., and Sheen, J. (2013) Macroeconomics. Australia: Pearson Higher Education. Enright, M., and Petty, R. (2016) Australia's Competitiveness: From Lucky Country to Competitive Country. Australia: John Wiley Sons. Finch, N. (2012) Contemporary Issues in Mining: Leading Practice in Australia. UK; Palgrave Macmillan. Hubbard, G., Garnett, Anne., Lewis, P. ,and O Brien (2014) Macroeconomics. Australia: Pearson. Inflationdata.com (2016) Annual Inflation. [Online]. Available at: https://inflationdata.com/Inflation/Inflation/AnnualInflation.asp (Accessed: 19 September, 2016) Inflationdata.com (2016) Inflation was Up Slightly in January 2014. [Online]. Available at: https://inflationdata.com/articles/2014/02/20/inflation-january-2014/%E2%80%8E (Accessed: 19 September, 2016) McTaggart, D., Findlay, C., and Parkin, M. (2012) Macroeconomics. Australia: Pearson Higher Education. Morris, R.M.., (2014) Economics Down Under Book 1 VCE Economics Units 1 and 2 9E and EBookPLUS, Book 1. Australia: John Wiley and Sons. RBA (2016) Cash Rate. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/cash-rate/ (Accessed, 20 September 2016). RBA (2016) Monetary policy. [Online] Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/education/monetary-policy.html (Accessed: 20 September 2016). RBA (2016) Monetary Policy. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/monetary-policy/ (Accessed: 20 September 2016). Reserve Bank of Australia (2016) Australian Economy SNAPSHOT. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/snapshots/economy-snapshot/ (Accessed: 19 September. 2016) Sloman, J., Norris, K., and Garrett, D. (2013) Principles of Economics. Australia: Pearson Higher Education. Statista (2016) Australia: Inflation rate from 2010 to 2020. [Online]. Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/271845/inflation-rate-in-australia/ (Accessed: 19 September, 2016) The Guardian (2016) Australian inflation falls to 1.3% in biggest drop for seven years. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/apr/27/australian-inflation-falls-to-13-in-biggest-drop-for-seven-years (Accessed: 19 September, 2016)

Sports Entertainment Wrestling Essay Research free essay sample

Sports Entertainment ( Wrestling ) Essay, Research Paper SPORTS-ENTERTAINMENT Old ages ago sports-entertainment in the signifier of wrestle, was merely another little concern going through little towns entertaining few crowds. Now sports-entertainment is a multi-billion dollar concern going all around the universe and watched by one million millions of fans as the figure one show on overseas telegram telecasting. During its rise to the wrestle has undergone many alterations, these alterations may besides be the death of the World Wrestling Federation. The critics say that these alterations are puting a really bad illustration to the immature fans. Wrestling is non supposed to be existent, it is non ment to be existent. True fans know this and make non take what they see on plans such as RAW. Younger fans, nevertheless who do non cognize that much about wrestles # 8217 ; true values may take wrestling more earnestly, much may ensue in some jobs, such as addition in force and other related issues. We will write a custom essay sample on Sports Entertainment Wrestling Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Harmonizing to High school instructor and wrestling fan Raymond Butler, some childs do copy the move, but he say the Don # 8217 ; t travel overboard, # 8220 ; I don # 8217 ; t see them leaping off tabular arraies or anything. # 8221 ; Harmonizing to the WWF ( World Wrestling Federation ) their mark audience is between the ages of 18 and 34, although much of the fans are teens. With RAW # 8217 ; s evaluation of 14+ I do non see why wrestling is such a job. In the first topographic point 10 twelvemonth olds are non supposed to be watching this, so why is their a job. If their parents allow them, that is their pick, and if the see that the kids are influenced by wrestling in a negative manner so they should non allow them watch it any longer. Teenss, at least most of them are mature plenty to take wrestle as more of a soap opera than a athletics, which is precisely what it is supposed to be. What I think professional wrestle to make, is to chant down, merely a spot. In a recent survey of 50 episodes of RAW by Indiana University and the Television plan Inside Edition between January 1998 and February 1999. Researchers found 1,658 cases of fork grabbing, 128 simulated sexual activities, 157 flippings of the finger, 47 cases of fake demonic activity, and 42 instances of fake drug usage. Now I know this all may look bad, but merely travel back to the evaluations, it is figure one. Obviously this mix of sex and force sells, and sells large. Now what about those 10 twelvemonth olds? Well the WWF does green goods edited versions of RAW, these episodes are aired at earlier times and of most of the curse and other violative scenes cut out. Which I think is great as the WWF reaches all of its fans. You can # 8217 ; t bury that the WWF is in a competion with rival wrestle concern, WCW ( World Championship Wrestling ) and that evaluations count. Wrestling is no longer all wrestle concern and with all of its new and really controversial alterations, the WWF is rebelliously wining and will go on with the controversial action, because non that they want to but because they have to. In decision I think that professional wrestle should go on merely the manner it is right now. Merely because it is better and more entertaining, its non merely about wrestling their are plot lines ( besides called angles ) which make it so much better, without these angles wrestling would be apparent and deadening and thats non what it is cut out to be, so I think that wrestling should lodge with its old slogan of, # 8221 ; Uncooked, untrimmed and uncensored. # 8221 ;

Prime Minister free essay sample

Second to the Governor General of Canada, the position of the Canadian Prime Minister is the single highest power a public servant can obtain. The residual power that the Governor General holds under the monarchy of Britain gives the Governor General the ultimate and final say in all major matters concerning Canada’s intergovernmental affairs. An example of this is Michelle Jean proroguing the parliament by the request of Steven Harper to delay a potential vote on the motion of non-confidence during 2008-2009 Canadian parliamentary disputes (CBC News, 2008). In a fair democratic process, the Prime Minister has a variety of powers that he or she can enforce while maintaining constant checks and balances within caucus, various opposing political parties and the very influential media. Here in Canada, under the constitutional monarchy of Britain, citizens are fortunate that the Prime Minister often acts rationally with the powers he or she has. Similar to the United States of America, they share the same standards under a democratic state that the Presidential role is held under check by other potential powers to be. We will write a custom essay sample on Prime Minister or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The ultimate right of a Prime Minister is to make the call for a general election; a very important and significant power. One of the most important calls a Canadian Prime Minister can make is to dissolve a government simply by seeking the consent of the Governor General of Canada. More recently with the move toward fixed election dates, the Prime Minister has limitations on his or her ability to call an election when they want; however, under specific and certain anomalies in parliament, this power can still be exercised. Expected requirements are the Prime Ministers right to appoint members to the cabinet, appoint civil servants, judges and senators. The Prime Minister has to keep constant communication with his Members of Parliament with daily/weekly cabinet meetings. This allows for the Prime Minister to stay on top of current and ongoing issues, and execute decisions. While the cabinet is a powerful group in itself, the ministers are responsible for their respective tasks, any poor judgment or efficiency issues can reflect poorly on the Prime Minister and may result in a cabinet shuffle which the Prime Minister can do whenever he or she pleases. In the British North America Act of 1867, section 91 outlines the powers and responsibilities of government, with a significant division of responsibilities between the provincial and federal governments (The Canadian Encyclopedia, 2013). An example of this would be: all issues pertaining to national defense are federal matters and all issues applicable to healthcare, for the most part, are provincial matters. This also allows for the Prime Minister to maintain checks and balance with provincial premiers to report to him frequently. The Council of the Federation ensures unity amongst all provinces and territories. All thirteen premiers meet with the Prime Minister to allow issues to be addressed, from health care, economic development to inter provincial trade. While under watch from each of the provinces premiers, they are always keeping the Prime Minister in check. This close monitoring goes both ways; there is most certainly federal pressure on provincial premiers; for example, when Pierre Trudeau implemented the Anti-Inflation Board in 1975 (The Canadian Encyclopedia, 2013). This bill froze wages, with the ultimate goal of stopping the high inflation in Canada at the time. This bill ultimately caused finance minister John Turner to resign over the issue. This issue was the result of numerous displeased Canadian citizens, who ensured their Premier was well aware of the anger this caused. This led to Pierre Trudeau’s Liberal government’s collapse, resulting in a Progressive Conservative minority. From Pierre Trudeau’s implementation of the War Measures act in 1970, and Jean Chretien’s refusal to take part in the Iraq war in 2003, are evident examples of the ultimate use of Prime Ministerial powers in Canadian political history. Looking back, these two specific cases were the right decisions; but at the time were extremely controversial because of the non-democratic manner in which they were executed. The Prime Minister can only effectively run a government with the confidence of the House of Commons, and in the past Canadians have seen governments fall before us because of non-confidence within the house. In the case of minority governments, they are often faced with having to â€Å"chew the fat† on certain issues in order for the house to support budgets. Depending on the issue, the Prime Minister will generally educate his party on how to vote on certain bills, which ultimately influences his or her MP’s, is a power in itself. However on some controversial topics such as The Civil Marriage Act in 2005, a bill focused on allowing members of the same sex to get married, Prime Minister Paul Martin permitted his MP’s to vote how they pleased, and p rovided no insight on how they should vote, avoiding the concept of â€Å"towing the party line†. In an ideal setting, for a Prime Minister to efficiently run government without uprising is to have a majority government, as we saw Jean Chretien’s eleven years as Prime Minister go without major backlash. The Canadian Prime Minister finds he or she holding a government which posses all powers for the entire duration of the term. Unlike the United States of Americas system, the government faces midterm elections every two years, and is subjected to a mandatory election every four years, as well as only being able to hold his or her position as Head of State for up to a maximum of eight years. In Canada’s parliamentary system, they show control over elections. Since May 2007, the Canada Elections Act states that a general election is held on a fixed date: â€Å"the third Monday of October in the fourth calendar year following the previous general election† (Canada Elections Act, 2007). Canadians are lucky in the sense that they are constantly able to gather information to what is happening on Parliament hill. Question period is open for the public to see and are alerted about various issues due to the heavy media coverage on Canadian politics. The coverage is so powerful that it keeps the Prime Minister in check by the tough questions and issues he or she is faced with on a regular basis. One major issue that allows the Prime Minister to execute such a high degree of ministerial power is the Cabinets ability to use party discipline to ensure it has its party’s support. MPs of the party are expected to â€Å"tow the party line†, to assist in guaranteeing the will of the PM is carried out. If any elected member of the Prime Ministers’ party were to vote against the Prime Minister, the Prime Minister has the technical executive power to expel the person from party if he or she pleases. As a result of this, the MP will then run as an independent Member of Parliament with limited resources for his or her own work and has no procedural rights to raise any issue in the Parliament. Jean Chretien demanded loyalty from his party and did not hesitate to punish MPs, which were affiliated to the same party they opposed (Granatstein Hillmer, 2000: p. 222). The Prime Minister has too much ministerial power in the sense that he or she is allowed to fire and hire any cabinet member at anytime. A clear example would be Brian Mulroney signing the North American Free Trade Agreement without informing other members of the cabinet (Hillmer Granatstein, 2000:p. 199). Although the Prime Minister does hold this position of power, intraparty politics can often be as intense as party vs. party politics (Samuels Shugart, 2010: p. 95). Party discipline diminishes Canadian democracy to an extent and goes against the ideology of a responsible government (Savoie, 2013; p. 252). The MPs can often find themselves afraid of performing and making motions based on their own personal beliefs because of the consequences the PM will impose on them, ultimately undercutting the abilities of MPs. Some argue to defend the current system that not all MPs disagree with the party leadership. There have been many cases in the political history of Canada where dissent had been voiced behind the doors and have caused policies or government initiatives to be dropped or amended. Compared to the US model, the elected representatives have a greater independence from their political party and results in a rather slow legislative processes. Some argue that if the Prime Minister had more power, he or she would be able to execute polices faster without going through all the procedures in the policy making process. Another major factor that dictates the power of the Prime minister is composition of the House of Commons. A Majority government consists of a minimum of 155 seats. When this is the case, the Prime Minister is able to push agendas without any resistance due to the Prime Ministers power that is derived from the party members of the House. The Prime minister is free to pick and choose any file he or she wants to deal with, giving the sense of a one party-state. Jean Chretien had three majority governments and this shows how serious the political powers are centralized within the Prime Minister and governing party. However under a Minority Government, the Prime Minister must make compromises by passing different pieces of agendas in exchange for confidence. Because of party discipline, the PM concentrates on obtaining support from opposition members to pass his legislations (Bickerton Gagnon, 2009: p. 145). The Members of Parliaments are no longer â€Å"nobodies†, as Trudeau has called them before (Leduc, 2010: p. 132). There is a shift of power from the Prime Minister and Cabinet to the elected members of the House. There are different strategies in which the Prime Minister can deal with a Minority Government. One way was to set up a coalition government of two or more parties to secure a majority of seats in the House. Steven Harpers opposes the idea of a coalition government. He seeks the opposition support for his legislative program and makes adjustments to satisfy other party’s requirements. A minority government maintains checks and balances for the party and Prime Minister in control, ultimately limiting the amount of power he or she has, and ensuring they exercise their power in a reasonable, democratic way. In conclusion, there are many factors that come in to play on whether the Canadian Prime Minister has too much power. In a majority government, the Canadian prime minister can exercise too much power if they feel the need to. They have the majority of the seats in the House of Commons, where they can ultimately manipulate their parties to act in the best interest of the Prime Minister. The prime minister can act irrationally if he or she pleases to do so, despite the implications his or her actions may have. Although, if the Prime Minister exercises too much power in an irrational way, there are things that can be done, by the Governor General in particular, to remove the current Prime Minister from their position. In the case of a minority government, the Prime Minister still has a significant amount of power, but not nearly as much in the case of a majority government. A minority government keeps the Prime Minister and the ruling party in check. The house is made up of a more even balance of MP’s from various parties, ultimately making the Prime Minister work on issues that pertain to both parties; otherwise nearly nothing will get done in Parliament. The reason for this is that the opposition parties will not support the Prime Minister only acting in the best interest of his or her own party, as the opposition holds enough power and voting right to make it so bills get shut down. Many factors reduce the Prime Ministers likelihood of acting irrational and overusing their power, which ultimately keeps them in check. Although they often exercise their power fairly, the Prime Minister in a majority government does hold too much power, and in all cases, they hold too much power over their party members, through mild, indirect coercion. The Prime Minister holds a lot of power, more than he or she should be able to exercise if they please, but this only becomes an issue if they act irrationally using those powers, in which case there is potential they can be forced out of their position ((Samuels Shugart, 2010: p. 96).

Free Essays on Evolution Of The U.S. Presidency

Forty-three Americans have held the job of President of the United States. Each has had their own story and their own way of doing the job. Each of them has also had a great impact on how the presidency works today. When analyzing the role of today’s president, it is important to look back at the historical evolution of the presidency and some of the key figures that have helped it along. Let’s take a look at the history of the presidency, its key figures, and why these figures are important. The beginning of the presidency was greatly influenced by historical experience. The earliest example of executive power in the colonies was the position of royal governor, in which the king appointed to govern each colony. The colonists did not trust these governors and began to feel as if they were still in Great Britain. After declaring independence, the strong distrust of an executive leader remained. At the Philadelphia Convention, the framers wanted to form a different kind of executive authority, but worried about its power. They wanted an office that would be strong enough to govern, but not so strong that it could abuse power. They also worried about how long the president’s term would be. Many of the Framer’s concerns were put to rest when they decided that George Washington would be the first president. They left many of the little details of the office up to him to decide. Washington became one of many of the key figures that helped evolve the presidency. The first 3 presidents set the tone for those to come after them. George Washington set the 2 term precedent and set many of the traditions seen today. John Adams had poor leadership skills and most likely hastened the development of political parties. Thomas Jefferson expanded the role of the president in congress and expanded the idea of inherent powers through the Louisiana Purchase. These presidents had a variety of impacts on the office. Congress remained in control... Free Essays on Evolution Of The U.S. Presidency Free Essays on Evolution Of The U.S. Presidency Forty-three Americans have held the job of President of the United States. Each has had their own story and their own way of doing the job. Each of them has also had a great impact on how the presidency works today. When analyzing the role of today’s president, it is important to look back at the historical evolution of the presidency and some of the key figures that have helped it along. Let’s take a look at the history of the presidency, its key figures, and why these figures are important. The beginning of the presidency was greatly influenced by historical experience. The earliest example of executive power in the colonies was the position of royal governor, in which the king appointed to govern each colony. The colonists did not trust these governors and began to feel as if they were still in Great Britain. After declaring independence, the strong distrust of an executive leader remained. At the Philadelphia Convention, the framers wanted to form a different kind of executive authority, but worried about its power. They wanted an office that would be strong enough to govern, but not so strong that it could abuse power. They also worried about how long the president’s term would be. Many of the Framer’s concerns were put to rest when they decided that George Washington would be the first president. They left many of the little details of the office up to him to decide. Washington became one of many of the key figures that helped evolve the presidency. The first 3 presidents set the tone for those to come after them. George Washington set the 2 term precedent and set many of the traditions seen today. John Adams had poor leadership skills and most likely hastened the development of political parties. Thomas Jefferson expanded the role of the president in congress and expanded the idea of inherent powers through the Louisiana Purchase. These presidents had a variety of impacts on the office. Congress remained in control...

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Literature Review - Essay Example This has resulted to researchers and educational scholars into seeking the appropriate wait-time that teachers should give to ELL students. ELL students pose a challenge because of their language-learning disability (Becker and Goldstein, 2011). Understanding of concepts and subject ideas, systematic ideas reflection, critical thinking, and content comprehension of an ELL student on a subject determines the response that a student gives to a question. However, effective learning for learners does not solely contribute to response given by ELL students. Wait time has a substantial effect on the response that an ELL student gives to a classroom question. Existing research by Beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu (2013) classifies silence time in a classroom into eight categories including: student-pause time, within-teacher presentation pause time, within-student’s response pause-time, post-teacher question time, student pause-time, post-student responsive wait time, teacher pause-time, st udent task-completion work-time and impact pause time. Despite the detailed wait-time classification, there has been no concrete conclusion on the specific wait-time required for elementary ELL students to respond to questions. ... ed student participation through volunteering more answers that are appropriate, increase in the analysis and synthesis of the context , which results to students giving evidence-inference responses that are more speculative( Cooper and Irizarry, 2013). Increased wait-time contributes to improved students’ self-confidence in responding to questions, increased rate of student asking questions on clarity as well as higher students’ achievement. Simply by increasing wait time, especially to students who have to translate the question into their mother tongue and then critically evaluate the questions to give a response, teachers can influence the quantity of correct responses to questions (Cooper and Irizarry, 2013). According to Mohr & Mohr (2007), a teacher should allow sufficient wait time to support ELL students to switch from hearing in a foreign language into reasoning and thinking in their first language, and then giving the response to the question. Additionally, i ncreased wait time has proved to enhance the cognitive techniques applied by a student to give responses. Relationship between Increased Wait-Time and Critical Thinking Several studies indicate that teacher’s wait time is often associated with the thoughtfulness and comprehension of a student answer to classroom questions (Huntley, 2008). Notably, teachers do not give sufficient time for students to internalize, think critically, and se comprehensive knowledge to respond to classroom questions. Teachers who only give elementary English Language Learners (ELL) students a few seconds to respond to classroom questions evoke student recall on a subject rather than critical thinking (Cruz and Thornton, 2013). In many occasions, ELL students translate the question into the first language to understand it